第 5 章 · 7 / 138

早餐

CHAPTER 5. Breakfast

海上無畏搏鯨的硬漢,到了早餐桌上卻一個個靦腆得像綿羊;唯獨魁魁格冷靜如冰柱,拿魚叉叉牛排。

🏛️ 典故與文化背景

萊迪亞德(John Ledyard, 1751–1789)

美國新英格蘭的傳奇旅行家,曾隨庫克船長航行,並計畫徒步橫越西伯利亞與俄屬美洲(文中「乘狗拉雪橇橫越西伯利亞」即指此壯舉,後被俄方逮捕遣返)。

蒙戈・帕克(Mungo Park, 1771–1806)

蘇格蘭探險家,以孤身深入西非、探查尼日河聞名(文中「餓著肚子在非洲腹地獨自長途跋涉」即指其探險)。梅爾維爾舉這兩位「見過大世面卻在客廳裡最沒自信」的探險家為例,反證「閱歷 ≠ 社交圓融」——正好對照滿桌「海上勇、餐桌怯」的捕鯨人。

綠山(the Green Mountains)

佛蒙特州的山脈(Vermont 之名即源自法文 vert mont「綠山」)。「彷彿從沒離開過綠山間某個羊圈的視線」是用田園牧羊的意象,反襯這些其實闖蕩四海的硬漢此刻竟羞怯如井底綿羊。

安地斯山西坡的氣候帶(the Andes’ western slope, contrasting climates, zone by zone)

安地斯山因海拔急遽變化,山坡上由低到高並陳熱帶到極地等多種氣候帶。梅爾維爾用這個地理意象形容魁魁格臉上各色刺青斑塊「一層層並陳」——既博學又精準,也呼應全書把人體/鯨體當「地理/宇宙」來描摹的筆法。

魚叉當餐具/「從容即體面」

魁魁格把魚叉帶上餐桌叉牛排,本是「沒教養」之舉,以實瑪利卻借題發揮出一句俏皮的社會觀察——「凡事做得從容,多數人就當你做得體面」。這既是幽默,也延續全書對「文明禮儀其實是表象」的一貫反諷。

📖 導讀

短短一章。以實瑪利下樓,對昨夜捉弄他的店主毫無芥蒂——還順帶議論了一番「能讓人開懷大笑是件了不起的好事」。早餐間擠滿了昨夜陸續投宿的捕鯨人:大副、二副、桶匠、船上鐵匠、魚叉手……一群黝黑壯碩、鬍子拉碴的漢子。以實瑪利從各人臉色的深淺,判斷他們上岸多久(曬得越黑、上岸越短),而魁魁格那張橫著各色刺青的臉,活像安地斯山西坡「一層層不同氣候帶」並陳。

最妙的觀察是:這些在大海上敢徒手登上巨鯨、面不改色把牠刺死的硬漢,一旦坐到社交餐桌上,竟一個個尷尬羞澀、面面相覷,像沒出過羊圈的綿羊——「靦腆的熊、膽怯的搏鯨勇士」。唯有魁魁格不慌不忙、冷靜如冰柱,照樣把魚叉帶上桌,隔著桌面、不顧旁人腦袋安危,用它把牛排叉到自己跟前。梅爾維爾藉此再次玩味「見過世面 ≠ 社交圓融」,並讓魁魁格的從容與眾人的拘謹形成對照。

重點

  • 不記仇+論「笑」:以實瑪利對店主的捉弄一笑置之,順帶讚美幽默的可貴。
  • 捕鯨人群像:從膚色深淺判斷上岸久暫;魁魁格的刺青臉如「安地斯西坡的氣候帶」。
  • 海上勇/社交怯:敢搏巨鯨的硬漢在餐桌上羞澀如綿羊——勇敢與社交圓融是兩回事。
  • 魁魁格的從容:冷靜如冰柱、拿魚叉叉牛排——「凡事做得冷靜,在多數人眼裡就是做得體面」。

📕 中英對照(逐句)

¶ 1

I quickly followed suit, and descending into the bar-room accosted the grinning landlord very pleasantly.

我很快也跟著(穿戴整齊),下到酒吧間,很愉快地上前向那咧嘴笑著的店主搭話。

I cherished no malice towards him, though he had been skylarking with me not a little in the matter of my bedfellow.

我對他並不懷半點惡意,儘管在我那同床者一事上,他著實拿我尋了不少開心。

¶ 2

However, a good laugh is a mighty good thing, and rather too scarce a good thing; the more’s the pity.

不過話說回來,能開懷大笑是件了不起的好事,也是件未免太稀罕的好事;這就更可惜了。

So, if any one man, in his own proper person, afford stuff for a good joke to anybody, let him not be backward, but let him cheerfully allow himself to spend and be spent in that way.

所以,倘若有誰能拿自己這個人,給別人提供一個好笑話的材料,那他可別扭扭捏捏,倒不如痛痛快快地任人這麼消遣、也消遣消遣自己。

And the man that has anything bountifully laughable about him, be sure there is more in that man than you perhaps think for.

而一個身上有著許多惹人發笑之處的人,你儘管相信:這人身上的內涵,比你想的要多。

¶ 3

The bar-room was now full of the boarders who had been dropping in the night previous, and whom I had not as yet had a good look at.

這會兒酒吧間擠滿了昨夜陸續投宿、我還沒來得及好好打量的房客。

They were nearly all whalemen; chief mates, and second mates, and third mates, and sea carpenters, and sea coopers, and sea blacksmiths, and harpooneers, and ship keepers; a brown and brawny company, with bosky beards; an unshorn, shaggy set, all wearing monkey jackets for morning gowns.

他們幾乎全是捕鯨人:大副、二副、三副、船上的木匠、桶匠、鐵匠、魚叉手、看船人;一群黝黑壯碩、鬍子茂密叢生的傢伙;一夥蓬頭垢面、毛茸茸的人,個個拿短水手外套權充晨袍。

¶ 4

You could pretty plainly tell how long each one had been ashore.

你大致一眼就看得出每個人上岸多久了。

This young fellow’s healthy cheek is like a sun-toasted pear in hue, and would seem to smell almost as musky; he cannot have been three days landed from his Indian voyage.

這年輕小伙子那紅潤的臉頰,色澤像個被太陽烤透的梨,聞起來幾乎也帶著那股麝香般的氣味;他從印度洋航程上岸絕不會超過三天。

That man next him looks a few shades lighter; you might say a touch of satin wood is in him.

他旁邊那人臉色淺了幾度;你可以說他身上帶著一絲緞木的色調。

In the complexion of a third still lingers a tropic tawn, but slightly bleached withal; he doubtless has tarried whole weeks ashore.

第三個人的膚色裡還留著一抹熱帶的黃褐,卻已略略褪淡;他無疑已在岸上盤桓了好幾個禮拜。

But who could show a cheek like Queequeg? which, barred with various tints, seemed like the Andes’ western slope, to show forth in one array, contrasting climates, zone by zone.

可有誰的臉頰比得上魁魁格的呢?他那橫著各種色斑的臉,活像安地斯山的西坡,把一帶帶截然不同的氣候,一層層並陳在眼前。

¶ 5

“Grub, ho!” now cried the landlord, flinging open a door, and in we went to breakfast.

「開飯囉——!」這會兒店主一聲喊,猛地推開一道門,我們便進去用早餐。

¶ 6

They say that men who have seen the world, thereby become quite at ease in manner, quite self-possessed in company.

人家說,見過世面的人,舉止會因此變得從容自在、在人前泰然自若。

Not always, though: Ledyard, the great New England traveller, and Mungo Park, the Scotch one; of all men, they possessed the least assurance in the parlor.

但也未必盡然:新英格蘭的大旅行家萊迪亞德,還有那位蘇格蘭的蒙戈・帕克;論到所有人,這兩位在客廳裡卻最沒有自信沉著的派頭。

But perhaps the mere crossing of Siberia in a sledge drawn by dogs as Ledyard did, or the taking a long solitary walk on an empty stomach, in the negro heart of Africa, which was the sum of poor Mungo’s performances—this kind of travel, I say, may not be the very best mode of attaining a high social polish.

不過,也許像萊迪亞德那樣乘狗拉的雪橇橫越西伯利亞,或者像可憐的蒙戈那樣餓著肚子在非洲腹地獨自長途跋涉(這便是他全部的事跡)——我是說,這種旅行,未必是修得一身高雅社交涵養的最佳途徑。

Still, for the most part, that sort of thing is to be had anywhere.

不過呢,那種社交涵養,大體上倒是哪兒都學得到。

¶ 7

These reflections just here are occasioned by the circumstance that after we were all seated at the table, and I was preparing to hear some good stories about whaling; to my no small surprise, nearly every man maintained a profound silence.

我此刻會有這番感想,是因為這麼一檔事:我們都在桌邊坐定後,我正準備聽幾個關於捕鯨的精彩故事;不料叫我大為驚訝的是,幾乎每個人都保持著一種深沉的沉默。

And not only that, but they looked embarrassed.

不僅如此,他們還一副尷尬的模樣。

Yes, here were a set of sea-dogs, many of whom without the slightest bashfulness had boarded great whales on the high seas—entire strangers to them—and duelled them dead without winking; and yet, here they sat at a social breakfast table—all of the same calling, all of kindred tastes—looking round as sheepishly at each other as though they had never been out of sight of some sheepfold among the Green Mountains.

是啊,這兒坐著一群老海狗,他們之中許多人曾毫不怯場地在公海上登上巨鯨——對他們素昧平生的巨鯨——眼也不眨地把牠們決鬥至死;可如今,他們坐在一張社交的早餐桌邊——同行、同好——卻你看我我看你,羞怯得像綿羊,彷彿這輩子從沒離開過綠山山間哪個羊圈的視線。

A curious sight; these bashful bears, these timid warrior whalemen!

真是奇景:這些害臊的熊,這些膽怯的搏鯨勇士!

¶ 8

But as for Queequeg—why, Queequeg sat there among them—at the head of the table, too, it so chanced; as cool as an icicle.

但說到魁魁格——嘿,魁魁格就坐在他們當中——而且湊巧還坐在桌子的上首;冷靜得像一根冰柱。

To be sure I cannot say much for his breeding.

說真的,他的教養我可不敢恭維。

His greatest admirer could not have cordially justified his bringing his harpoon into breakfast with him, and using it there without ceremony; reaching over the table with it, to the imminent jeopardy of many heads, and grappling the beefsteaks towards him.

就算是他最大的崇拜者,也沒法真心替他辯解:他竟把魚叉一道帶上早餐桌,還在那兒毫不客氣地使將起來;隔著桌面伸過去,眼看就要危及好幾顆腦袋,把牛排一塊塊勾到自己跟前。

But that was certainly very coolly done by him, and every one knows that in most people’s estimation, to do anything coolly is to do it genteelly.

但他這一手做得確實相當從容,而眾所周知,在大多數人眼裡,凡事只要做得從容,就算做得體面。

¶ 9

We will not speak of all Queequeg’s peculiarities here; how he eschewed coffee and hot rolls, and applied his undivided attention to beefsteaks, done rare.

魁魁格所有的怪癖,我們就不在這兒一一細說了;他如何對咖啡和熱麵包卷敬而遠之,又如何把全副心神都撲在那幾分熟的牛排上。

Enough, that when breakfast was over he withdrew like the rest into the public room, lighted his tomahawk-pipe, and was sitting there quietly digesting and smoking with his inseparable hat on, when I sallied out for a stroll.

總之,早餐一過,他便和其餘人一樣退到公共大廳,點起他那把菸斗戰斧,戴著他那頂寸步不離的帽子,靜靜坐在那兒一邊消食一邊抽菸;而這時,我已動身出門去散步了。

📚 艱深單字/片語/句型(20)

每個附 KK 音標、詞義、中英例句、詞源實用度、同義詞常用度(0–100%)、詞性變化(動詞含時態)。
1accostKK [əˈkɔst](v.)(突然)上前搭話、攀談
  • 詞義:(常為不請自來地)走上前去跟人攀談(有時帶不受歡迎/糾纏意味)。文中 accosted the grinning landlord = 上前向咧嘴笑的店主搭話。
  • 例句:A stranger accosted me in the street asking for money./一個陌生人在街上攔住我要錢。
  • 詞源+實用度:拉丁 accostare(靠到旁邊,ad-costa 肋/邊,coast 同源)。書面常用,現代多帶「冒昧/被搭訕」的負面色彩。
  • 同義詞常用度:approach 85% | confront 60% | buttonhole 35% | accost 55%
  • 詞性變化:v. accostaccostedaccostingaccosts)。
2skylarkKK [ˈskaɪˌlɑrk](v. / n.)嬉鬧胡鬧;(n.)雲雀
  • 詞義:(1) v. 嬉戲打鬧、惡作劇取樂(原為水手在桅頂索具間玩鬧);(2) n. 雲雀(高飛善鳴的鳥)。文中 skylarking with me = 拿我尋開心、捉弄我。
  • 例句:The boys were skylarking on the playground./那群男孩在操場上嬉鬧。
  • 詞源+實用度:sky + lark(嬉鬧;亦鳥名)。航海/口語的動詞義偏舊;名詞「雲雀」常見(雪萊名詩 To a Skylark)。
  • 同義詞常用度:horse around 80% | frolic 60% | lark about 50% | skylark 30%
  • 詞性變化:v. skylarkskylarkedskylarking)| n. skylark(雲雀)。
3maliceKK [ˈmælɪs](n.)惡意、害人之心
  • 詞義:存心傷害他人的惡意。文中 I cherished no malice towards him = 我對他不懷半點惡意。
  • 例句:She bore him no malice despite the insult./儘管受了辱,她對他並不懷恨。
  • 詞源+實用度:拉丁 malitia(惡,malus 壞)。書面/法律常用(with malice aforethought 蓄意預謀,法律術語)。
  • 同義詞常用度:spite 75% | ill will 70% | malevolence 50% | malice 80%
  • 詞性變化:n. malice | adj. malicious(惡意的)| adv. maliciously
4cooperKK [ˈkupɚ](n.)製桶匠、箍桶匠
  • 詞義:製造、修理木桶(盛油、盛水)的工匠。文中 sea coopers = 船上的桶匠(捕鯨船需大量桶來裝鯨油)。
  • 例句:The cooper hammered the iron hoops onto the barrel./箍桶匠把鐵箍敲上木桶。
  • 詞源+實用度:中古荷蘭/拉丁 cupa(桶,cup 同源)。歷史/職業詞;也是常見英文姓氏 Cooper(如同 Smith 鐵匠)。
  • 同義詞常用度:barrel-maker 70% | cooper 50%
  • 詞性變化:n. cooper | v. cooper(製/修桶)| n. cooperage(製桶業/桶廠)。
5boskyKK [ˈbɑskɪ](adj.)灌木叢生的;(引申)濃密的
  • 詞義:(1) 樹木灌木叢生的;(2) 引申形容「濃密叢生」(如鬍鬚)。文中 bosky beards = 茂密叢生的鬍子。
  • 例句:They picnicked in a bosky glade./他們在一塊林木蔥蘢的林間空地野餐。
  • 詞源+實用度:bosk(小樹叢,與 bush 同源)+ -y。文學/罕用雅詞,形容草木或鬍鬚的「叢密」很生動。
  • 同義詞常用度:bushy 80% | wooded 70% | leafy 65% | bosky 15%
  • 詞性變化:adj. bosky | n. boskbosket(小樹叢)。
6brawnyKK [ˈbrɔnɪ](adj.)肌肉發達的、強壯結實的
  • 詞義:筋肉發達、孔武有力的。文中 a brown and brawny company = 一群黝黑壯碩的傢伙。
  • 例句:The brawny blacksmith lifted the anvil with ease./那壯碩的鐵匠輕鬆舉起鐵砧。
  • 詞源+實用度:brawn(肌肉,見第 3 章)+ -y。口語書面都常用,形容體格。
  • 同義詞常用度:muscular 90% | burly 70% | strapping 60% | brawny 65%
  • 詞性變化:adj. brawny | n. brawn(肌肉、體力)。
7muskyKK [ˈmʌskɪ](adj.)有麝香味的、濃郁帶腥的
  • 詞義:帶麝香般濃郁氣味的。文中 would seem to smell almost as musky =(曬得紅潤的臉)聞起來幾乎也帶著麝香般的氣味。
  • 例句:The room had a warm, musky scent./房裡有一股溫暖濃郁的麝香味。
  • 詞源+實用度:musk(麝香,源自梵語/波斯)+ -y。香水/氣味描寫常用。
  • 同義詞常用度:fragrant 75% | pungent 60% | heady 50% | musky 55%
  • 詞性變化:adj. musky | n. musk(麝香)。
8tawnyKK [ˈtɔnɪ](adj.)黃褐色的、茶褐色的
  • 詞義:黃中帶褐的顏色(如曬黑的膚色、獅子毛、紅茶色)。文中 a tropic tawn(tawn=tawny 的名詞化)= 一抹熱帶的黃褐(膚色)。
  • 例句:The lion's tawny coat blended with the dry grass./獅子的黃褐毛色與枯草融成一片。
  • 詞源+實用度:古法語 tané(鞣皮的顏色,tan 同源)。常用於描寫顏色(tawny owl 灰林鴞、tawny port 茶色波特酒)。
  • 同義詞常用度:tan 80% | golden-brown 75% | fawn 50% | tawny 60%
  • 詞性變化:adj./n. tawny
9self-possessedKK [ˌsɛlfpəˈzɛst](adj.)沉著鎮定的、泰然自若的
  • 詞義:能掌控自己情緒、臨場從容不慌的。文中 quite self-possessed in company = 在人前泰然自若。
  • 例句:She remained calm and self-possessed during the crisis./危機中她始終冷靜沉著。
  • 詞源+實用度:self + possessed(自我「擁有/掌控」)。書面常用、褒義,形容人臨場氣度。
  • 同義詞常用度:composed 85% | poised 75% | collected 70% | self-possessed 55%
  • 詞性變化:adj. self-possessed | n. self-possession(沉著、鎮定)。
10assuranceKK [əˈʃʊrəns](n.)自信沉著;保證;(英)保險
  • 詞義:(1) 此處=自信、篤定的態度;(2) 保證、擔保;(3)(英)人壽保險。文中 the least assurance in the parlor = 在客廳裡最沒有自信沉著的派頭。
  • 例句:He spoke with the assurance of an expert./他以專家般的篤定口吻說話。
  • 詞源+實用度:拉丁 securus(無憂的,secure 同源)。三義都常用:「自信」「保證(give an assurance)」「人壽險(life assurance,英式)」。
  • 同義詞常用度:confidence 90% | self-assurance 70% | poise 55% | assurance 65%
  • 詞性變化:n. assurance | v. assure(向…保證,assuredassuring)| adj. assured(有把握的)。
11parlor / parlourKK [ˈpɑrlɚ](n.)客廳、會客室;(店)專門廳
  • 詞義:(1) 舊式住宅的會客廳;(2) 某類營業場所(beauty parlor 美容院、ice-cream parlor 冰淇淋店)。文中 least assurance in the parlor = 在客廳(社交場合)最沒自信。
  • 例句:Guests were shown into the front parlor./客人被請進前廳。
  • 詞源+實用度:古法語 parler(說話)→「談話的房間」。「客廳」古義漸少(現代說 living room);「…parlor」營業場所義仍常見。
  • 同義詞常用度:living room 90% | sitting room 70% | drawing room 50% | parlor 45%
  • 詞性變化:n. parlor(美)/parlour(英)。
12polishKK [ˈpɑlɪʃ](n. / v.)(此處)優雅涵養、教養;磨光、潤飾
  • 詞義:(1) 此處=舉止談吐的優雅、教養(social polish 社交涵養);(2) 本義 v. 擦亮、打磨;潤飾(文章/技藝)。文中 a high social polish = 一身高雅的社交涵養。
  • 例句:His writing has real polish./他的文筆很有功力(精緻)。 She polished her speech until it shone./她把講稿反覆打磨到完美。
  • 詞源+實用度:拉丁 polire(磨光)。三義都高頻:擦亮(polish shoes)、潤飾(polish a draft)、涵養(polish/polished manners)。
  • 同義詞常用度(「涵養」義):refinement 75% | sophistication 70% | finesse 55% | polish 60%
  • 詞性變化:n./v. polishpolishedpolishing)| adj. polished(優雅的;磨亮的)。
13bashfulKK [ˈbæʃfəl](adj.)害臊的、靦腆的
  • 詞義:(尤指在人前)羞怯、難為情的。文中 without the slightest bashfulness = 毫不怯場;these bashful bears = 這些害臊的熊。
  • 例句:He gave a bashful smile and looked away./他靦腆地一笑,把目光移開。
  • 詞源+實用度:abash(使羞愧)的縮減+ -ful。口語書面都常用,比 shy 多一分「難為情」味(七矮人之一即 Bashful)。
  • 同義詞常用度:shy 90% | timid 75% | self-conscious 65% | bashful 70%
  • 詞性變化:adj. bashful | adv. bashfully | n. bashfulness
14sheepishKK [ˈʃipɪʃ](adj.)(因尷尬/做錯事而)忸怩羞赧的
  • 詞義:因難為情或被抓包而露出的不好意思、忸怩樣(像綿羊般馴怯)。文中 looking round as sheepishly at each other = 你看我我看你,羞怯得像綿羊。
  • 例句:He gave a sheepish grin when caught lying./被拆穿說謊時他尷尬地賠笑。
  • 詞源+實用度:sheep(綿羊)+ -ish。口語常用,特指「被逮到/出糗後的不好意思」,很傳神。
  • 同義詞常用度:embarrassed 85% | abashed 55% | shamefaced 50% | sheepish 70%
  • 詞性變化:adj. sheepish | adv. sheepishly | n. sheepishness
15eschewKK [ɛsˈtʃu](v.)(刻意)避開、戒絕
  • 詞義:(有意識地)避免、屏棄(某事物或習慣)。文中 he eschewed coffee and hot rolls = 他對咖啡和熱麵包卷敬而遠之。
  • 例句:The author eschews jargon in favour of plain English./這作者屏棄行話,偏好淺白英語。
  • 詞源+實用度:古法語 eschiver(避開,與 shy、shun 遠親)。正式/書面雅詞,日常多說 avoid、shun。
  • 同義詞常用度:avoid 90% | shun 65% | forgo 60% | eschew 40%
  • 詞性變化:v. escheweschewedeschewingeschews)| n. eschewal
16grappleKK [ˈɡræp!](v.)扭抓、揪住;(與難題)搏鬥
  • 詞義:(1) 用力抓住、扭打;(2) 引申「(與問題)苦苦角力」(grapple with)。文中 grappling the beefsteaks towards him = 把牛排一塊塊勾/揪到自己跟前。
  • 例句:They grappled with the intruder./他們和闖入者扭打。 We're still grappling with the problem./我們還在跟這難題搏鬥。
  • 詞源+實用度:與 grapnel(抓鉤)同源。口語書面都高頻,比喻義 grapple with(費力應付難題)尤其實用。
  • 同義詞常用度:wrestle 80% | struggle 85% | tackle 75% | grapple 70%
  • 詞性變化:v. grapplegrappledgrapplinggrapples)| n. grapplegrapnel(抓鉤)。
17jeopardyKK [ˈdʒɛpɚdɪ](n.)危險、險境
  • 詞義:(受損害/失敗的)危險、危殆。文中 to the imminent jeopardy of many heads = 眼看就要危及好幾顆腦袋。
  • 例句:The scandal put his career in jeopardy./那樁醜聞使他的事業岌岌可危。
  • 詞源+實用度:古法語 jeu parti(勝負難分的對局)。口語書面都高頻(in jeopardy 處於險境;法律 double jeopardy 一罪不二審)。
  • 同義詞常用度:danger 90% | peril 65% | risk 85% | jeopardy 70%
  • 詞性變化:n. jeopardy | v. jeopardize(危及,jeopardizedjeopardizing)。
18grubKK [ɡrʌb](n. 俚 食物 / n. 幼蟲 / v. 挖掘)
  • 詞義:(1)(俚)食物、吃的(Grub, ho!=開飯啦);(2) n. 蛆、(甲蟲的)幼蟲;(3) v. 翻挖、刨找。文中店主喊 “Grub, ho!” =「開飯囉!」
  • 例句:(俚) The pub does decent grub./那酒吧的吃食還不錯。 (v.) Pigs grub for roots./豬刨土找樹根。
  • 詞源+實用度:中古英語 grubben(挖)——「挖蟲」與「找吃的」串連出俚語食物義。「食物」俚義口語常用、隨意;grub up(開飯了)很生活化。
  • 同義詞常用度(食物義):food 95% | chow 65% | eats 60% | grub 70%
  • 詞性變化:n. grub(食物;幼蟲)| v. grubgrubbedgrubbing)| adj. grubby(髒兮兮的)。
19片語:at ease(自在、不拘束;【軍】稍息)(1) 輕鬆自在、不緊張;(2) 軍事口令「稍息」(相對 attention 立正)。文中…
  • 詞義:(1) 輕鬆自在、不緊張;(2) 軍事口令「稍息」(相對 attention 立正)。文中 quite at ease in manner = 舉止相當從容自在。
  • 例句:Good hosts make their guests feel at ease./好主人會讓客人感到自在。 "At ease!" barked the sergeant./「稍息!」中士吼道。
  • 用法重點+實用度:高頻片語;put/set someone at ease(讓某人放鬆)、ill at ease(侷促不安,見第 3 章)都很實用。
  • 同義詞常用度:relaxed 90% | comfortable 85% | at ease 80% | unconstrained 50%
20明喻/格言:(as) cool as an icicle;do anything coolly = do it genteelly「冷靜得像一根冰柱」——形容人臨危/在眾人前不慌不忙、鎮定異常(cool 一語雙關:既「冷…
  • 詞義:「冷靜得像一根冰柱」——形容人臨危/在眾人前不慌不忙、鎮定異常(cool 一語雙關:既「冷」又「冷靜」)。文中以此寫魁魁格的從容;並引出格言 to do anything coolly is to do it genteelly(凡事做得從容,就算做得體面)。
  • 例句:Under fire from reporters, she stayed as cool as an icicle./面對記者連番發問,她冷靜得像根冰柱。
  • 用法重點+修辭:(1) 典型 as ... as ... 明喻,icicle(冰柱)兼顧「冷/冷靜」雙關(更常見的同類說法是 cool as a cucumber);(2) 後半是格言式反諷——點出世人常把「從容的姿態」誤當成「有教養」,與本章「魁魁格把魚叉帶上桌卻仍顯得體面」相呼應。
  • 同義詞常用度(沉著明喻):cool as a cucumber 85% | calm and collected 80% | cool as an icicle 25% | unflappable 55%